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电容器的基本功能——充电和放电
Edit:管理员 Browse: Times Date:2015-09-07
充电和放电是电容器的基本功能。
充电
使电容器带电(储存电荷和电能)的过程称为
充电
。这时电容器的两个极板总是一个极板带正电,另一个极板带等量的负电。把电容器的一个极板接电源(如
电池组
)的正极,另一个极板接电源的负极,两个极板就分别带上了等量的异种电荷。充电后电容器的两极板之间就有了电场,充电过程把从电源获得的电能储存在电容器中。
放电
使充电后的电容器失去电荷(释放电荷和电能)的过程称为
放电
。例如,用一根导线把电容器的两极接通,两极上的电荷互相中和,电容器就会放出电荷和电能。放电后电容器的两极板之间的电场消失,电能转化为其它形式的能。
电
容
器
在一般的电子电路中,常用电容器来实现旁路、
耦合
、滤波、
振荡
、相移以及波形变换等,这些作用都是其充电和放电功能的演变
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