The lifespan of electrolytic capacitors is exponentially related to temperature. Due to the use of non solid electrolytes, the lifespan of electrolytic capacitors also depends on the evaporation rate of the electrolyte, resulting in a decrease in electrical performance. These parameters include the capacitance value of the capacitor, leakage current, and equivalent series resistance (ESR).

Refer to the formula for the expected lifespan of RIFA company:

PLOSS = (IRMS)²x ESR （1）

Th = Ta + PLOSS x Rth （2）

Lop = A x 2 Hours （3）

B=reference temperature value (typical value is 85 ℃)

A=Capacitor lifespan at reference temperature (varies depending on the diameter of the capacitor)

C=The degree of temperature rise required to reduce the lifespan of the capacitor by half

From the above formula, we can clearly see that there are several direct factors that affect the lifespan of electrolytic capacitors: ripple current (IRMS) and equivalent series resistance value (ESR), ambient temperature (Ta), and total thermal resistance (Rth) transferred from the hotspot to the surrounding environment. The highest temperature point inside a capacitor is called the hotspot temperature (Th). The hot spot temperature value is the main factor affecting the working life of capacitors. http://www.xiangrudz.com The following factors determine the external temperature (ambient temperature Ta), total thermal resistance (Rth) transmitted from the hotspot to the surrounding environment, and energy loss caused by alternating current (PLOSS) in practical applications of hotspot temperature values. The internal temperature rise of a capacitor is linearly related to energy loss.

When a capacitor is charged or discharged, the current flowing through the resistor causes energy loss, and the change in voltage passing through the dielectric also causes energy loss. In addition, the energy loss caused by leakage current results in an increase in the internal temperature of the capacitor.

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